Product Application
Central heating that consists of a boiler and radiators is one of the most common heating systems used in Europe and the U.S. for houses that do not have district heating. Boiler supplies space heating, domestic hot water, or both. To ensure users safety, comfort and heating efficiency, NTC temperature sensors in the boiler measures water temperature or combustion temperature for best heating control. Temperature sensors usually are placed at different points in boilers detecting temperature of flow and return pipes, of domestic hot water outlet, and of flue gas. THINKING offers NTC temperature sensors with various mounting features to fit different boiler and heating system application requirements.
Immersion Type
THINKING offers a series of immersion type temperature sensors that are suitable for direct contact in the water flow or flue gases. The immersion type sensors can meet various temperature measurement and installation requirements while sharing the same benefits of accurate temperature detection, fast thermal response(< 3 s) , corrosion resistance, and long-term stability. They can be used to measure either water or flue gas temperature to help the controller to increase the heat or to lower temperature.
(a) Short thermal response time in water and easy to screw-in design make the NTC temperature sensor an ideal solution for pipe fluid temperature detection and control. The temperature sensor assembled in a nickel plated brass cap with a G 1/8'' thread, washer and connector, is easy to install.
(b) The small-diameter sensing top design optimizes the response time and is ideal for detecting flue gases in gas boiler. The NTC sensor is assembled in a 316 stainless steel housing with a thread, O-ring and connector for fast and simple installation.
(c) The NTC temperature sensor is with a fast respnse and comes with push-fit mounting design, which offers an installation alternative to screw-in design.
(d) To optimize the thermal response time (< 2 s), the fast response NTC sensor is placed at the small-diameter tip of the 316 stainless steel case. The sensor can be customized with a brass nut or a clip for best fit your mounting requirement. The fast response sensor is perfect for detecting water temperature in gas combi boilers and instant water heaters to ensure user safety during hot shower.
To measure the temperature of flow and return pipes, THINKING recommends the clip-on surface mounting temperature sensor with high moisture resistance and high accuracy. The NTC sensor placed in the tip of a small diameter brass housing enables thermal coupling to the metal pipe and thus improves response time (< 2s). The rugged spring clip is very easy to install and it allows the sensor to be secured easily to pipes. The clips are available in 13, 15, 18, 22 to 28 mm diameters to fit various pipes. The sensor with a single clip is also available to meet different installation requirement.
(Flanged Type)
The NTC temperature sensor is assembled in a 316 stainless steel housing with heat-resistant lead wire that allows the sensor to withstand a high temperature of 250°C. It responds fast to temperature fluctuation and is ideal for measuring flue gas temperature. The flange design allows simple and stable screw-on installation.
For houses that incorporate hydronic underfloor heating, the water is heated to a warm temperature from the boiler and circulates in a set of plastic pipes. A temperature sensor is usually mounted under the floor surface to help control the room temperature. We recommend the use of epoxy coating type NTC temperature sensor (NTSE series) with lead wire because it is double insulated and resists to moisture. The lengths of the cable can be customized to fit the application specification.
過電壓保護
由於大多數的交流充電樁與直流充電樁皆依賴電網的交流電供電，電網的饋線有遭受雷擊突波的可能，而且充電樁有可能處於惡劣的戶外環境中，或是位於可能引起瞬態感應電壓的具重型工業馬達設施附近。因此，充電樁需要能夠承受高能量瞬變電壓的浪湧保護方案。興勤提供以下兩種防雷方案：針對放置在戶外的直流快速充電樁，建議使用防雷型壓敏電阻TVA25(25mm)系列進行雷擊防護。而對於放置在室內的直流或交流充電樁，則建議採用尺寸為Ф14mm或Ф20mm的插件型壓敏電阻TVR系列或TVT系列，結合氣體放電管，提供線路前級的防雷保護。
壓敏電阻
● TVA系列是專為吸收雷擊產生的高浪湧能量而設計的壓敏電阻。此系列產品有多種產品形式和尺寸，並提供廣泛的高抑制浪湧電流能力。
● TVT系列則是帶有熱耦合熔斷器的熱保護型壓敏電阻。當頻繁的過電壓使得壓敏電阻產生過熱情況時，熱保護型壓敏電阻的熱熔斷器就會將壓敏電阻與電路斷開，防止電路板上其他元件或壓敏電阻損壞。TVT系列提供2引腳或3引腳類型，其中第三個引腳具備了監控作用，能為被保護的設備提高可靠性。
● TVR系列為興勤的標準插件型壓敏電阻，提供寬廣的電壓範圍與高抑制浪湧電流能力。
氣體放電管
氣體放電管具有高絕緣電阻、極低的電容，以及能處理高突波電流能力的特點，因此，非常適合保護交流線路不受瞬變電壓的危害。興勤的氣體放電管提供多種表面貼裝型與引線封裝型，具有寬廣的直流擊穿電壓範圍，可以滿足各種應用的需求。其中，二極管型氣體放電管通常被用於線對地或線對線保護。
過電流保護
陶瓷正溫度係數熱敏電阻--浪湧抑制
當充電樁開機時，會產生高峰值的浪湧電流，可能對半導體或其他元件造成損害。興勤建議採用陶瓷正溫度係數熱敏電阻，來限制浪湧電流。陶瓷正溫度係數熱敏電阻是一種以半導體陶瓷為設計材料的熱敏感電阻，在室溫下具有相對較低的電阻值，但是當電流通過正溫度係數熱敏電阻並產生熱能，在溫度增高至特定轉換溫度點時，其電阻會顯著上升。這種獨特的特性使得正溫度係數熱敏電阻成為過電流保護的理想解決方案。興勤提供PPL和PSB系列陶瓷正溫度係數熱敏電阻，幫助抑制浪湧電流，並提供堅實的保護。
陶瓷正溫度係數熱敏電阻--電容放電應用
除了防止過電流對電路造成危害，陶瓷正溫度係數熱敏電阻還可應用於直流充電樁中的高壓電容放電。由於電容中儲存的高壓能量即使在電源斷開後仍可能引起電擊，因此電路設計人員需要在電路中設計適當的放電機制。使用陶瓷正溫度係數熱敏電阻幫助電容放電，是安全、有效且可靠的選擇。陶瓷正溫度係數熱敏電阻由於陶瓷本身的材料特性，能夠承受高壓並吸收多餘的能量。與使用固定電阻作為放電電阻相比，陶瓷正溫度係數熱敏電阻具有更高的耐壓能力，所需使用的產品數量比固定電阻少，能夠顯著節省電路板空間，同時降低整體成本。興勤提供不同阻值與耐壓等級的陶瓷正溫度係數熱敏電阻，供客戶選用。
過溫度保護
由於直流充電樁涉及交流電與直流電的轉換，電源模組中使用較多的功率半導體元件如MOSFET、IGBT。這些功率半導體元件在運作過程中會產生熱能，因此，在其運作期間，需要溫度傳感器監測其溫度，以防止結溫(transistor junction temperature)過高。採用NTC溫度傳感器監測半導體器件的溫度，能幫助確保這些敏感、高價的半導體電子元件最佳運作溫度。
興勤提供多種結構的NTC溫度傳感器，能滿足不同設計需求。NTSE系列為水滴頭帶線型的溫度傳感器，特色為結構簡單、頭部尺寸小、通用性高。NTSA系列是電工端子結構型溫度傳感器，能以螺絲快速安裝，有多種螺孔尺寸(M2.5至M10)可以選擇。表面貼裝型的TSM系列尺寸小、反應快速，適用於自動化生產產線，幫助客戶提高生產效率。
設置於商場、辦公建築、公路休息區的公共交流充電樁或直流充電樁，通常具有通訊、觸控與顯示功能的人機界面，而這些介面可能受到靜電放電ESD (Electrostatic Discharge)的威脅，使用者觸碰觸控螢幕而產生的靜電突波，可能對IC電路造成損害。因此，這些介面電路需要結合強大的ESD靜電抑制方案。LCP系列和ESD TVS是理想的ESD保護器件，具有低電容和反應快速的特性，能夠在不增加電容的型況下抑制快速上升的ESD瞬變電壓，有助於保持訊號完整性。
無論是以交流慢充或是直流快充為電動車充電，都需要電力傳輸連接器。充電槍的電力傳輸接口，特別是連接直流快速充電站，提供大功率充電的直流充電槍，在充電過程會產生高溫，因此，為確保充電過程的安全，在充電過程中需要結合溫度傳感器，監測充電槍與車輛連接的電力傳輸接點溫度。若溫度傳感器偵測到電力傳輸接點發生過熱情況，充電站的充電控制器，將停止充電過程或是降低充電功率，保護使用者安全與防止充電設備損壞。
興勤提供多種精準的NTC熱敏電阻與白金電阻溫度傳感器，適合與充電槍電力傳輸點結合，以滿足各類型交流慢充與直流快充充電槍的設計需求。此外，針對高壓應用的直流充電槍，興勤能提供高耐壓(>3500VAC)的溫度傳感器，確保充電過程的穩定性和可靠性。NTC溫度傳感器包括環氧樹脂塗裝型的NTSE系列與電工端子型的NTSA系列。白金(Pt)電阻溫度傳感器帶有正溫度係數電阻的特性，在惡劣環境下具有出色的精度與穩定性。興勤能夠將Pt1000芯片封裝於不同材質的外殼，如金屬殼、塑膠殼、雙層熱縮套管，以配合不同充電槍接口傳輸接點測溫需求。
‧ In addition to temperature sensors, THINKING offers a broad line of circuit protection components to protect the latest appliances. Click here to see more circuit protection recommendations for home appliances.
‧ Most temperature sensor types can be delivered in various shapes and with a wide choice of casing materials, cable lengths, connectors, terminals and mounting features to meet different application needs. Alternative resistance tolerances, R/T characteristics, resistance ratings, and UL recoginized models are available on request. Please contact us to learn more about temperature sensors.
